Why Is My Mouth Dry?

Dry mouth affects around 10% of Australians, with prevalence increasing to about 25% in older adults. It occurs when saliva production is reduced or absent, leading to an uncomfortable condition called xerostomia.

If your mouth often feels dry, you find it difficult to swallow, or you experience changes in taste or breath, it’s important to consult your dentist or doctor for a proper diagnosis. Dry mouth can sometimes be a symptom of an underlying health condition.

Symptoms of Dry Mouth

Symptoms can vary depending on severity. Some of the most common signs include:

  • Persistent dry feeling in the mouth, cheeks, and throat
  • Rough tongue or cracked lips
  • Sticky or thick saliva
  • Difficulty chewing or swallowing dry foods
  • Bad breath or altered taste
  • Frequent ulcers or oral thrush
  • Burning or prickly sensations
  • Loose dentures (due to reduced suction from saliva)

Why is Saliva Important?

Saliva plays a vital role in maintaining oral health and comfort. It:

  • Keeps the mouth moist and prevents dehydration
  • Cleanses the mouth and helps neutralise acids
  • Provides antibacterial, antifungal, and antiviral protection
  • Assists with speech, taste, and digestion
  • Supplies calcium and phosphorus to strengthen enamel

Without enough saliva, the risk of gum disease, tooth decay, and oral infections increases.

Common Causes of Dry Mouth

Dry mouth can result from a variety of factors, including:

  • Medications (e.g. antidepressants, blood pressure medication, antihistamines, sedatives, pain relief)
  • Recreational or illegal drugs (e.g. cocaine)
  • Dehydration
  • Cancer treatments affecting salivary glands
  • Habitual mouth breathing
  • Excessive caffeine or alcohol intake
  • Smoking
  • Age-related or hormonal changes

Can Dry Mouth Be Treated?

Treatment depends on the underlying cause. Your dentist may recommend:

  • Avoiding irritants such as caffeine, alcohol, smoking, or recreational drugs
  • Speaking with your doctor to see if medication adjustments may help
  • Using saliva substitutes, dry mouth gels, or specially formulated toothpaste/mouth rinses
  • Chewing sugar-free gum to stimulate saliva flow
  • Staying hydrated with regular small sips of water

There are also dry mouth care products available, including rinses, gels, and lozenges. Your dentist can guide you on which options are best for your needs.

Tips to Manage Dry Mouth at Home

  • Eat chewy foods to stimulate saliva flow
  • Maintain hydration throughout the day
  • Reduce consumption of sugary, acidic, or caffeinated drinks
  • Avoid salty, crunchy foods that may irritate the mouth
  • Avoid alcohol-based oral products
  • Use a humidifier at night
  • Practice breathing through your nose
  • Maintain regular dental check-ups for early detection of issues

If dry mouth is affecting your daily life, speak to our caring team at Morphett Vale Dental Care. Call us on (08) 8382 2410 to book an appointment and discuss suitable options.

Disclaimer:This information is general in nature and does not replace personalised dental or medical advice. Diagnosis and treatment will depend on individual circumstances. Please consult a qualified dental or healthcare professional for advice tailored to your situation.

Written by Dr Erika Guerra (Dentist, AHPRA Registration No. DEN0001411499).